Effect of industrial wastes on self-cleaning properties of concrete containing anatase-TiO2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.21.3.493Keywords:
Photocatalysis, titanium dioxide, blast furnace slag, fly ash, sepioliteAbstract
Concrete decomposing the organic compounds on because of natural or anthropogenic contaminating sources with photocatalysis existing in its structure is called self-cleaning concrete. In this study, the self-cleaning concrete with industrial waste has been searched from the point of mechanical and physical characteristics. Fly ash, blast furnace slag and sepiolite materials has been used as industrial waste in concrete. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been used as photocatalysis material. Specimens with the dimensions 15×15×15 cm were produced using 0 %, 10 %, 20 % and 30 % industrial wastes and 0 %, 1 %, 3 %, 5 % TiO2 by weight instead of cement. Compressive strength, unit weight, and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were performed on the specimens after 28 days standard cure. Rhodamine-B test in Italian UNI 11259 standard and additional Phenantroquinone test have been performed as self-cleaning test. XRF test also has been made on some of the samples for the chemical analysis. The best photocatalysis performance has showed in the concrete including 5 % TiO2. Test results show that 10 % use of industrial wastes in self-cleaning concrete production is recommended from the point of economic and environmental benefits.
References
Affam, A.C., & Chaudhuri, M. (2013). Degradation of pesticides chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and chlorothalonil in aqueous solution by photocatalysis, Journal of Environmental Management, 130, 160-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.058
Akar, C., & Canbaz M. (2016). Effect of molasses as an admixture on concrete durability. Journal of Cleaner Production 112, 2374-2380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.081
Amaral, L.F., Delaqua, G.C.G., Nicolite, M., Marvila, M.T., Azevedo, A.R.G., Alexandre J., Vieira, C.M.F., & Monteiro, S.N. (2020). Eco-friendly mortars with addition of ornamental stone waste – A mathematical model approach for granulometric optimization, Journal of Cleaner Production, 248, 119283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119283
Ângelo, J., Andrade, L., Madeira, L. M., & Mendes, A. (2013). An overview of photocatalysis phenomena applied to NOx abatement, Journal of Environ-mental Management, 129, 522-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.006
Awadalla, A., Zain, M.F.M., Kadhum, A.A.H., & Abdalla, Z. (2011). Titanium dioxide as photocatalyses to create self-cleaning concrete and improve indoor air quality, International Journal of the Physical Sciences, 6, 6767-6774.
Azevedo, A.R.G., Cecchin, D., Carmo, D.F., Silva, F.C., Campos, C.M.O., Shtrucka, T.G., Marvila, M.T., & Monteiro S.N. (2020a). Analysis of the com-pactness and properties of the hardened state of mortars with recycling of construction and demolition waste (CDW), Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 9(3), 5942-5952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.03.122
Azevedo, A.R.G., Marvila, M.T., Tayeh B.A., Cecchin, D., Pereira A.C., & Monteiro S.N. (2021). Technological performance of açaí natural fibre rein-forced cement-based mortars, Journal of Building Engineering, 33, 101675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101675
Azevedo, A.R., Marvila, M.T., Zanelato, E.B., Alexandre, J., Xavier, G.C., & Cecchin, D. (2020b). Development of mortar for laying and coating with pineapple fibers, Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 24, 187-193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n3p187-193
Azevedo, A.R.G., Klyuev, S., Marvila, M.T., Vatin, N., Alfimova, N., Lima, T.E.S., Fediuk R., & Olisov, A. (2020c). Investigation of the Potential Use of Curauá Fiber for Reinforcing Mortars, Fibers, 8,69. https://doi:10.3390/fib8110069
Calia, A., Lettieri, M., Masieri, M., Pal, S., Licciulli, A., & Arima, V. (2017). Limestones coated with photocatalytic TiO2 to enhance building surface with self-cleaning and depolluting abilities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 165, 1036-1047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.193
Chang, J.A., Vithal, M., Baek, I.C., & Seok, S. (2009). Morphological and phase evolution of TiO2 nanocrystals prepared from peroxotitanate complex aqueous solution: Influence of acetic acid, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 182, 749–756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2008.12.024
Chen, J., Kou, S., & Poon, C. (2011). Photocatalytic cement-based materials: Comparison of nitrogen oxides and toluene removal potentials and evaluation of self-cleaning performance, 46, 1827-1833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.03.004
Chen, J., & Poon, C. (2009). Photocatalytic construction and building metarials: From fundamental to applications, Building and Environment, 44, 1899-1906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.01.002
Costa, A. L., Ortelli, S., Blosi, M., Albonetti, S., & Vaccari, A. (2013). TiO2 based photocatalytic coatings: From nanostructure to functional properties, Chemical Engineering Journal, 225, 880-886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.037
Delnavaz M., Ayati B., Ganjidoust H., & Sanjabi S. (2015). Application of concrete surfaces as novel substrate for immobilization of TiO2 nano powder in photocatalytic treatment of phenolic water, Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 13, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40201-015-0214-y
Ferella, F. (2019). A review on management and recycling of spent selective catalytic reduction catalysts. Journal of Cleaner Production : 118990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118990
Fiore, A., Marano, G.C., Monaco, P., & Morbi, A. (2013). Preliminary experimental study on the effects of surface-applied photocatalytic products on the durability of reinforced concrete, Construction and Building Metarials, 48,137-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.058
Folli, A., Jakobsen, U.H., Guerrini, G.L., & Macphee, D.E. (2009). Rhodamine-B discolouration on TiO2 in the cement environment: A look at fundamen-tal aspects of the self-cleaning effect in concretes, Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies, 12, 126-133. https://doi.org/10.1515/jaots-2009-0116
Folli, A., & Macphee, D.E. (2010). Photocatalytic cement: influence of TiO2 particle size on photocatalytic performances, 8th fib International PhD Sym-posium in Civil Engineering, 1-6.
Gholampour, A., & Ozbakkaloglu T. (2017). Performance of sustainable concretes containing very high volume Class-F fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. Journal of Cleaner Production 162, 1407-1417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.087
Guo, M. Z., Maury-Ramirez, A., & Poon, C. S. (2016). Self-cleaning ability of titanium dioxide clear paint coated architectural mortar and its potential in field application. Journal of cleaner production, 112, 3583-3588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.10.079
Gürbüz, M., Solaş, A., Küçük, A., Göktaş, A., & Doğan, A. (2009). The Production of Environmental Friendly Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Ceramic Materials by Nanotechnology, Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science and Engineering, special issue, 217-221.
Hanus, M.J., & Harris, A.T. (2013). Nanotechnology innovations for the construction industry, Progress in Materials Science, 58, 1056-1102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.04.001
He, B., Gao, Y., Qu, L., Duan, K., Zhou, W., & Pei, G. (2019). Characteristics analysis of self-luminescent cement-based composite materials with self-cleaning effect." Journal of Cleaner Production 225, 1169-1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.291
Hunger, M., & Brouwers, H.J.H. (2009). Self-cleaning surfaces as an innovative potential for sustainable concrete, Excellence in Concrete Construction through Innovation 545-552.
Hüsken, G., Hunger, M., & Brouwers, H.J.H. (2009). Experimental study of photocatalytic concrete products for air purification, Building and Environ-ment, 44, 2463-2474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.04.010
Janus, M., Zatorska, J., Czyewski, A., Bubacz, K., Nejman, E.K, & Morawski A.W. (2015). Self-cleaning properties of cement plates loaded with N, C-modified TiO2 photocatalysts, Applied Surface Science, 330, 200-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.12.113
Krishnan, P., Zhang, M.H., Yu, L., & Feng, H. (2013). Photocatalytic degradation of particulate pollutants and self-cleaning performance of TiO2-containing silicate coating and mortar, Constructions and Buildings Materiels, 44, 309-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.009
Lucas, S.S., Ferreira, V.M., & Barroso de Aguiar, J.L. (2013). Incorporation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mortars - Influence of microstructure in the hardened state properties and photocatalytic activity, Cement and Concrete Research, 43, 112-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.09.007
Luna, M., Gatica, J. M., Vidal, H., & Mosquera, M. J. (2020). Use of Au/N-TiO2/SiO2 photocatalysts in building materials with NO depolluting activity. Journal of Cleaner Production 243, 118633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118633
Melo, J.V.S., & Triches, G. (2012). Evaluation of the influence of environmental conditions on the efficiency of photocatalytic coatings in the degradation of nitrogen oxides (NOx), Building and Environment, 49, 117-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.09.016
Mendoza, C., Valle, A., Castellote, M., Bahamonde, A., & Faraldos, M. (2015). TiO2 and TiO2- SiO2 coated cement: Comparison of mechanic and photo-catalytic properties, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 178, 155-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.09.079
Nakata, K., & Fujishima, A. (2012). TiO2 photocatalysis: Design and applications, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Re-views, 13, 169-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2012.06.001
Pozo-Antonio, J. S., & Dionísio, A. (2017). Self-cleaning property of mortars with TiO2 addition using real diesel exhaust soot. Journal of Cleaner Produc-tion, 161, 850-859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.202
Ramirez, A.M., Demeestere, K., & Belie, N.D. (2012). Photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticle coatings applied on autoclaved aerated concrete: Effect of weathearing on coathing physical characteristics and gaseous toluene removal, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 211, 218-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.12.037
Ruot, B., Plassais, A., Olive, F., Guillot, L., & Bonafous, L. (2009). TiO2-containing cement pastes and mortars: Measurements of the photocatalytic efficiency using a Rhodamine B-based colourimetric test, Solar Energy, 83, 1794-1801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2009.05.017
Shen, W., Zhang, C., Li, Q., Zhang, W., Cao, L., & Ye, J. (2015). Preparation of titanium dioxide nano particle modified photocatalytic self-cleaning concrete. Journal of cleaner production, 87, 762-765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.014
Sikora, P., Horszczaruk, E., & Rucinska T. (2015). The effect of nanosilica and titanium dioxide on the mechanical and self-cleaning properties of waste-glass cement mortar, Procedia Engineering, 108, 146-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.06.130
Silva, R. V., De Brito, J., Lynn, C. J., & Dhir, R. K. (2017). Use of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ashes in alkali-activated materials, ceramics and granular applications: A review. Waste Management, 68, 207-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.043
Stamate, M., & Lazar, G. (2007). Application of titanium dioxide photocatalysis to create self-cleaning materials, Romanian Technical Sciences Academy, 3, 280-285.
Topcu, I. B., & Canbaz, M. (2007). Effect of different fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete containing fly ash. Construction and Building Mate-rials, 21(7), 1486-1491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.06.026
Torgal, F.P., & Jalali, S. (2011). Nanotechnology: Advantages and drawbacks in the field of construction and building metarials, Construction and Build-ing Metarials, 25, 582-590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.07.009
UNI 11259, (2008). Determination of the photocatalytic activity of hydraulic binders rodammina test method.
Ünal S. (2015). Self-Cleaning Concretes Containing Industrial Waste, MSc Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Institute of Science, 124 p., Turkey.
Vasilache, T., Lazar, I., Stamate, M., Nedeff, V., & Lazar, G. (2013). Possible environmental risks of photocatalysis used for water and air depollution case of phosgene generation, APCBEE Procedia 5, 181 – 185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2013.05.032
Xu, Y., Jin, R., Hu, L., Li, B., Chen, W., Shen, J., Wu P., & Fang, J. (2020). Studying the mix design and investigating the photocatalytic performance of pervious concrete containing TiO2-Soaked recycled aggregates. Journal of Cleaner Production 248, 119281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119281
Yin, K., Ahamed, A., & Lisak, G. (2018). Environmental perspectives of recycling various combustion ashes in cement production–A review. Waste Man-agement, 78, 401-416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.012
Yüksel, F.Ş.K., & Karagüler, M. (2011). Self-cleaning concrete, Proceeding of Concrete 2011 Congress, 470-480.
Zou, F., Hu, C., Wang, F., Ruan, Y., & Hu, S. (2020). Enhancement of early-age strength of the high content fly ash blended cement paste by sodium sulfate and C–S–H seeds towards a greener binder. Journal of Cleaner Production 244, 118566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118566.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Serdal Ünal, Mehmet Canbaz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
